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Aleksander and Lena Johansen with family and horse.

The law regulating horse-husbandry

People from Solør in Hedmark lobbied the Storting fiercely for many years to get it to pass legislation that would prohibit horse-husbandry for Tater people. As early as 1935, the Storting was asked to introduce such a law, but it was not passed until 1951.

In 1946, the municipalities of Våler, Åsnes, Hof and Grue held a "Tater meeting" at Kirkenær, where they adopted a resolution to the Storting insisting that it had to intervene in such horse-husbandry (Glåmdalen local newspaper 15.5.1946).

In 1951, a new paragraph in the Animal Protection Act stated that “vagabonds” could not use horses while travelling from town to town to trade. Section 10, paragraph 14 of the law stated: “It is illegal for vagabonds, when they move around, to use horses or other animals to carry people or goods, or to have loose horses with them”. The official reason for introducing this paragraph was to protect the animals, but the real goal was to force the Tater people to give up their migratory lifestyle. This became apparent when the paragraph was abolished in 1974, with the following justification: “The kind of lifestyle the rule applies to is no longer common, so the ban is no longer relevant.”

After the right to use horses was taken from the Tater people, those who had the opportunity to do so got a car. Otherwise, hand carts and bicycles were reintroduced. Others started using the train or other public transport. Without the horse, the daily trading trips were difficult and tiring.

The law regulating horse-husbandry became the subject of debate in the newspapers, and many believed it to be discriminatory and that it hit the Travellers too hard. Even the Norwegian Mission for the Homeless, which was otherwise tireless in its policy of settling the Tater people, reacted to the law (Dagbladet, national newspaper, 23.6.1951).


  • Facsimile from Norwegian newspaper Dagbladet, 22.04.1950
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    Dagbladet 23.06. 1951

Along with social developments leading to a reduction in the need for nomadic craftsmen and traders, all these measures resulted in more and more Tater people choosing to become settled residents.


Johan J. explains


"Shortly after the law against horse-husbandry was passed, we were stopped by the Lagerdal sheriff. We were allowed to drive to the police station in Kongsberg, then it was over. We were no longer allowed to use a horse. Instead of the beautiful horse, we had to use handcarts and bicycles. We felt defeated and humiliated, as if we were no longer worth anything!"

"A few months after the horse was taken, we got our first car, a ’28 model Buick. I took three trips with a driving instructor in Tønsberg and got my licence. This was in 1951 and I was 19 years old. After they took the horse away from us, things were no longer in order. The coffee chest, leather knapsack and the other things we had always stored neatly in the wagon were suddenly just in a heap in the back of the car. Taking away the horse from us was like asking farmers to become fishermen. Most of what I had learned from my father had to do with the horse. We were horse people, first and foremost."

(Johan J., born 1931.)


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